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Each of these elements will modify the metal’s properties in different ways.įor example, alloying steel can give extra strength to high-performance gears, more corrosion and wear resistance to medical implants, and increase the amount of pressure that pipelines can handle. This is an extremely common type of metal because it’s generally still very cheap to make.Ĭommon alloying elements for steel include manganese, vanadium, chromium, nickel, and tungsten.
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This changes the properties and essentially makes the metal customizable. Alloyed steel is made by adding other elements in the mix. Think of it as genetically modified steel. Less carbon means cheaper, softer, and easier to produce.Ĭarbon steel is most commonly found as a structural building material, in simple mechanical components, and in various tools. The three general categories are low, medium, and high carbon steel. This is the basic steel, good ‘ol carbon and iron, although some other very small amounts of other elements might be added.
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Here’s an overview of the main types: Carbon Steel There are actually a lot of different kinds of steel. If you were to stack elephants one on top of the other to form a really peculiar bridge to the moon (not actually possible), it would still not be as heavy as the weight of the steel that’s made each year. An average African elephant weighs about 5 tons. This ratio is usually around 99% iron and 1% carbon, although that ratio can vary a bit.įun fact: There was over 1.8 billion tons of steel produced worldwide in 2017 (half of which was produced in China). Steel, by definition, is simply iron (the element) mixed with carbon. This is hands down the most common metal in the modern world.